It's official: EL Nino is likely
What does it mean?
On June 9, 2023, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) officially announced the anticipation of an El Nino formation during the upcoming 2023/2024 season. According to their statement, El Nino conditions were present and expected to strengthen in the northern hemisphere during the winter gradually. However, on July 4, 2023, the Bureau of Meteorology declared they had moved to an ‘El Nino Watch’. This news has sparked significant concern and stress for many on the east coast who are still recovering from the devastating 2019/2020 fire season.Â
Australia has not yet announced an El Nino due to the different statistical models used by the Bureau of Meteorology. Their models require a higher level of statistical certainty than the NOAA, but this does not necessarily mean we are out of danger.Â
It is worth noting that the last El Nino occurred from 2015 to 2016, and although there was a decrease in rainfall patterns, the total rainfall amounts were higher than in subsequent years during the 2018-2020 drought. The effects of El Nino can be significantly amplified or mitigated by other climate factors such as the Southern Ocean Oscillation Index and the Indian Ocean Dipole. Only time will tell, but we can prepare for the upcoming climate extremes by ensuring our gardens are equipped to withstand them.
As El Nino threatens to bring warmer weather and drier conditions, preparing your garden to survive drought-like conditions is essential. With our easy water-saving tips, you can keep your garden looking lush despite the El Nino. From setting up an irrigation system to using mulch to protect your plants, you can become an El Nino water-saver and make sure your garden survives the drought. Read on to learn how to create a drought-proof garden with our essential water-saving tips.
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Understanding El Nino and its effects on gardening
El Nino is a climatic event that occurs every 2 to 7 years, causing variations in rainfall across different regions of Australia. This phenomenon is caused by the warming and shifting of surface waters of the Pacific Ocean, which impacts global weather patterns.
In Australia, El Nino typically results in reduced rainfall in the eastern states, while some parts of Western Australia experience wetter conditions. These changes in precipitation can significantly impact gardening, making it necessary for gardeners to prepare their gardens for varying weather conditions.
Different gardens across Australia need to prepare for other events. Gardeners must take extra measures in regions experiencing reduced rainfall to conserve water and maintain healthy plants. In areas experiencing excess rainfall, gardeners need to ensure their plants can handle increased moisture levels. Knowing how to prepare your garden for these variations is crucial for successful gardening.
Water-saving techniques for your garden
With the threat of El Nino looming over us, adopting water-saving techniques in your garden is essential. Here are some tips to help you do just that.
First, consider mulching. Mulch is an excellent way to retain moisture in the soil and reduce evaporation. It’s essential to apply the right amount of mulch, usually 5cm or 50mm, depending on the plant type and soil. Additionally, mulch can help regulate soil temperature and control weed growth, making it a versatile solution for many gardens.
Another technique is to water less frequently but more deeply. Many gardeners make the mistake of watering too often and shallowly, which can lead to soil that is wet on the surface but dry underneath. Watering less often encourages more profound root growth, allowing plants to access water stored deeper in the soil.
Seek guidance from your local shire, council, and state authority and check which species are considered local or invasive weeds. This is of utmost importance because various plants, including those considered drought-resistant and beneficial, can potentially spread and cause significant damage to the surrounding environment.
It’s also important to water at the right time of day. Early morning is generally the best time to water, allowing plants to absorb moisture before the day’s heat sets in. Avoid watering during the hottest part of the day, as water will likely evaporate before it reaches the plants. Additionally, watering at night can increase the likelihood of disease and pests.
Aim to water at the root zone rather than spraying water onto the leaves. This reduces evaporation and ensures the plant uses water rather than being lost to the environment.
Finally, consider using a mix of native and ornamental drought-resistant plants in your garden. These plants have adapted to arid climates and require less water than others. They’re an excellent choice for a water-wise garden. Remember to plant local natives, as they’ll provide essential food and habitat for insects, birds and other animals.
You should seek guidance from your local shire, council, and state authority and check which species are considered local or invasive weeds. This is of utmost importance because various plants, including those considered drought-resistant and beneficial, can potentially spread and cause significant damage to the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is essential to be aware of the weed species in your area and take necessary measures to prevent their spread.
In summary, water-saving techniques include mulching, watering less frequently but deeper, watering at the right time of day, and choosing a mix of locally native and ornamental drought-resistant plants. By implementing these tips, you can keep your garden healthy and vibrant while using water more efficiently.
Irrigation: Useful tips to set you up for success
Setting up a basic irrigation system
One of the most effective ways to save water in your garden during an El Nino year is to install an irrigation system. It may seem daunting at first, but with the right tools and a bit of know-how, you can set up a simple irrigation system that will save you both time and water.
Here are some steps to get you started:
Step 1: Decide on the type of irrigation system you want
There are several types of irrigation systems, including drip irrigation, soaker hoses, and sprinkler systems. Each has its own pros and cons, so take the time to research each option and decide which one will work best for your garden. Depending on your garden size, you may need to call a plumber and install additional taps. If your water source is exposed to hard water, industrial runoff, or farmland and pollution runoff, it is essential to test its pH level and assess for any contaminants and salts that may be present. Taking these preventive measures can help ensure that your water is safe for consumption and use.
Step 2: Measure your garden
Measure the length and width of your garden to determine the area you need to water. This will help you choose the amount of piping and other supplies you’ll need.
Step 3: Purchase your supplies
For a basic irrigation system, you’ll need piping, connectors, and sprinkler heads (if you opt for a sprinkler system). You can find all of these supplies at your local home improvement store or garden centre. If you’re serious about your system and can afford to spend a little extra cash, we recommend using Netafim and Toro components. They are more expensive than the generic big-box store brands but are worth the investment.
Step 4: Install your irrigation system
Lay out your piping along the length and width of your garden, and connect the pipes using the connectors. Attach the sprinkler heads to the end of the pipes if you’re installing a sprinkler system. Misters are a great add-on to increase the humidity around your less drought-tolerant plants. They are a great way to create a micro-climate and protect plants vulnerable to hot and dry conditions.
Step 5: Set up a timer
Invest in a timer to turn your irrigation system on and off at predetermined times. This will help ensure that your plants receive the right amount of water and that you don’t waste any water in the process.
By following these simple steps, you can set up a basic irrigation system that will help you conserve water and keep your garden thriving during an El Nino year. With a little bit of maintenance, your irrigation system will continue providing efficient and effective watering for years.
Maintaining your irrigation system
Now that you have your irrigation system set up, it’s essential to keep it maintained to continue efficiently delivering water to your garden. Here are a few tips on how to maintain your irrigation system:
- Regularly check for leaks and clogs: Leaks and clogs in your irrigation system can waste water and cause damage to your plants. Regularly inspect your system for any signs of leaks or clogs and fix them immediately.
- Adjust your watering schedule: As the weather changes throughout the year, adjusting your watering schedule is essential. In the summer months, for example, you may need to water more frequently to prevent your plants from drying out.
- Clean your sprinkler heads: Over time, sprinkler heads can become clogged with dirt and debris. Clean your sprinkler heads periodically to ensure water is distributed evenly throughout your garden.
- Monitor your water usage: Keep track of how much water your irrigation system is using so that you can make adjustments as needed. This will not only save you money on your water bill, but it will also help to conserve water during times of drought.
Following these tips ensures that your irrigation system runs efficiently and effectively, even during El Nino weather conditions.
Caring for plants during hot and dry weather
Hot and dry weather can affect your garden, especially during an El Nino event. However, there are some measures you can take to help your plants survive and thrive.
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Here are some tips:
Mulch
Mulching helps to keep the soil moist and prevents evaporation. Apply a layer of organic mulch around your plants, such as bark chips, straw, or compost.
Water efficiently
When watering, make sure to do it in the early morning or late afternoon when temperatures are cooler, and there is less chance of evaporation. Use a watering can or a hose with a spray nozzle to target the roots directly.
Provide shade to your plants during the hottest part of the day using shade cloth or umbrellas. This will help to reduce the temperature and water loss from the leaves.
Adjust your watering schedule.
During hot and dry weather, your plants may need more frequent watering. However, ensure not to overwater, which can lead to root rot and other problems. Test the soil moisture regularly and adjust your watering schedule accordingly.
Choose drought-tolerant plants:
Consider planting drought-tolerant plants better suited to your local climate, soil and environmental conditions.
For example, in the Southern Tablelands of NSW, we would select native eucalypts, Correa, Acacia, Carex and other grass species. Low-form mallees from Southwestern WA will also add a pop of contrast and colour to your garden while taking up less space than larger gums.Â
Remember, a healthy garden is well-nourished and cared for. With these tips, you can help your garden withstand the effects of El Nino and thrive during hot and dry weather conditions.